據油價網2021年7月2日報道，美國石油市場正在收緊，這是因為商業(yè)原油庫存正在快速下降，推動WTI原油期貨曲線的時間價差擴大。

　　這條曲線正加強到現(xiàn)貨溢價，這是一種暗示供應趨緊的市場狀態(tài)，近期期貨合約的價格高于遠期合約。

　　近幾日來，最近交割的合約與較晚交割的合約的溢價一直在擴大，表明即期供應正在收緊。 例如，WTI現(xiàn)貨與11月合約的價差上周五早間為3.40美元。 據彭博社估計，這是自2018年以來即期價格相對于四個月期貨價格的最大溢價。

　　現(xiàn)貨市場趨緊反映出美國商業(yè)原油庫存持續(xù)下降，國內原油產量相對持平，美國原油出口相對較高，盡管WTI對布倫特原油的折扣較小。

　　美國能源信息署(EIA)數據顯示，截至6月25日當周，美國商業(yè)原油庫存減少了670萬桶。 這是原油庫存連續(xù)第六周下降。

　　商業(yè)原油庫存總量為4.523億桶，比去年同期下降了15.2%。 與兩年前新冠肺炎疫情大流行前的那個時候相比，也下降了3.4%。

　　俄克拉荷馬州庫欣的原油庫存也在下降，進一步推動了期貨市場的反彈。 截至6月25日的一周內，庫欣原油庫存減少了150萬桶，至4030萬桶。 這與去年同期相比下降了11.7%，與2019年同期相比下降了23.3%。

　　美國煉油廠也在提高運行率，目前的運行率為92.9%，中西部的煉油廠運行率為98.2%。 這甚至高于Covid-19前這個時候97.4%的產能利用率。

　　李峻 編譯自 油價網

　　原文如下：

　　U.S. Crude Oil Inventories Are Drawing Very Fast

　　The U.S. oil market is tightening as commercial crude inventories are declining at a fast clip and driving wider time spreads in the WTI Crude futures curve.

　　The curve is strengthening into backwardation, the state of the market signaling tighter supplies with the prices of the nearer futures contracts higher than those further out in time.

　　The premium of the nearest contract to those for later delivery has been widening in recent days, suggesting that immediate supply is tightening. The spread between the cash WTI and the November contract, for example, was $3.40 early on Friday. This is the widest premium of prompt prices to the four-month futures price since 2018, according to Bloomberg estimates.

　　The tighter prompt market reflects the continuous decline in U.S. commercial crude oil inventories, the relatively flat domestic crude oil production, and the relatively high U.S. oil exports despite the narrow WTI discount to Brent.

　　U.S. commercial crude inventories fell by 6.7 million barrels for the week to June 25, as per Energy Information Administration data. This was the sixth consecutive weekly drawdown in crude stockpiles.

　　Total commercial crude inventories at 452.3 million barrels are now 15.2 percent lower than in the same week last year. They are also 3.4 percent lower compared to this time two years ago, before the pandemic.

　　Inventories at Cushing, Oklahoma – the designated delivery point for NYMEX crude oil futures contracts – are also falling, further boosting the rally in the futures market. Crude stocks at Cushing fell by 1.5 million barrels in the week to June 25 to stand at 40.3 million barrels. This was an 11.7-percent decline compared to this time last year and a drop of 23.3 percent compared to the same week in 2019.

　　Refineries are also increasing run rates, now operating at 92.9 percent capacity, with those in the Midwest operating at 98.2 percent of their operable capacity. This is higher even compared to the 97.4-percent capacity utilization at this time of the year in the pre-COVID 2019.

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