美國(guó)油井重新壓裂作業(yè)正在興起

對(duì)現(xiàn)有頁(yè)巖井進(jìn)行重新壓裂作業(yè)的成本比鉆新井成本低40%

重新壓裂作業(yè)還可以幫助美國(guó)頁(yè)巖鉆井公司進(jìn)一步增加現(xiàn)金流

據(jù)美國(guó)油價(jià)網(wǎng)6月27日?qǐng)?bào)道，路透社報(bào)道說(shuō)，由于頁(yè)巖生產(chǎn)商尋求在避免大舉投資新井的情境下提高產(chǎn)量，美國(guó)的油井重新壓裂作業(yè)正在興起。 

重新壓裂作業(yè)似乎是調(diào)和股東們對(duì)更高回報(bào)的堅(jiān)持和聯(lián)邦政府在供應(yīng)緊張時(shí)期提高石油產(chǎn)量的呼吁的一種方式。供應(yīng)緊張導(dǎo)致原油和成品油（主要是燃料）價(jià)格雙雙上漲。

根據(jù)路透社報(bào)道，現(xiàn)有井的重新壓裂作業(yè)的成本比鉆新井的成本低40%。一位水力壓裂行業(yè)高管告訴路透社，重新壓裂作業(yè)還可以使現(xiàn)有井的產(chǎn)量增加兩到三倍。 

盡管基準(zhǔn)油價(jià)大幅上漲，但由于設(shè)備、勞動(dòng)力和原材料的普遍短缺，提高了生產(chǎn)成本，經(jīng)濟(jì)性對(duì)頁(yè)巖鉆井公司來(lái)說(shuō)已經(jīng)變得非常重要。路透社援引得克薩斯州卡倫石油公司發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)稱，這一數(shù)字比一年前增加了約20%。

重新進(jìn)行壓裂作業(yè)還可以幫助美國(guó)頁(yè)巖鉆井公司進(jìn)一步增加現(xiàn)金流，這將比更高的股息更讓股東們高興。 

根據(jù)沙特拉赫杰資本銀行最近的一份報(bào)告，今年第一季度，美國(guó)頁(yè)巖生產(chǎn)商從每口井獲得的現(xiàn)金從去年第四季度的23美元上升到34美元。  

路透社報(bào)道指出，這仍遠(yuǎn)低于頁(yè)巖鉆井公司在2020年第一季度每口井獲得的51美元，但補(bǔ)充稱，這仍“在油價(jià)較高的情況下提供了足夠的緩沖來(lái)提高生產(chǎn)水平”。

過去12個(gè)月，美國(guó)原油價(jià)格上漲了約40%，但美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)石油日產(chǎn)量仍比2020年初的創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的1280萬(wàn)桶低約100萬(wàn)桶。

李峻 編譯自 美國(guó)油價(jià)網(wǎng)

原文如下：

U.S. Shale Drillers Begin Re-Fracking Existing Wells

Oil well re-fracking is on the rise in the United States.

Re-fracking of existing shale wells can cost up to 40 percent less than drilling a new well.

Re-fracking could also help U.S. shale drillers boost their cash flow further.

Oil well re-fracking is on the rise in the United States as shale producers seek to boost production without making significant investments in new wells, Reuters has reported.

Re-fracking appears to be a way to reconcile shareholder insistence on higher returns and calls from the federal government to increase oil production at a time of tight supply, which has led to higher prices for both crude oil and refined products, chiefly fuels.

According to the report, re-fracking of existing shale wells can cost up to 40 percent less than drilling a new well. It can also double or triple the output of an existing well, one fracking industry executive told Reuters.

Economy has become important for shale drillers despite much higher benchmark oil prices because of widespread shortages of equipment, workforce, and raw materials that have increased production costs. These are up about 20 percent from a year ago, according to Callon Petroleum, a Texas-based company, as cited by Reuters.

Re-fracking could also help U.S. shale drillers boost their cash flow further, which would make their shareholders even happier than higher dividends.

According to a recent report by Saudi bank Al Rahji Capital, cash per well for U.S. shale producers rose to $34 per barrel in the first quarter of this year, from $23 per barrel in the last quarter of 2021.

This is still much lower than the $51 per barrel that shale drillers got in the first quarter of 2020, the report noted, but added that it is still “providing enough cushion to boost the production levels amid higher oil prices.”

U.S. crude oil prices have gained some 40 percent over the past 12 months, but domestic oil production remains about a million barrels daily below the record 12.8 million bpd the U.S. produced in early 2020.